Introducing Stat. A Higher Level Programming Language

// The "Hello World" program for Stat

MAIN
	let out = open console
	"Hello World" -> out

// JSX syntax example
IMPORTS
	a
	img

MAIN
	let result = <a href="index.html">
		<img src="image.jpg" />
	</a>

// Native data types
MAIN
	// A string type hint
	let greeting: string = "Hello"

	// An optional string
	let maybeName: string? = "Joe"

	// A list of strings
	let stringList: [string] = ["Hello", "World"]

	// A struct (object) with 2 keys
	let person: {name: string, age: int} = {
		name = "John",
		age = 25
	}

	// Every variable has a type, which
	// means it can be used in type hints
	let jane: person = {
		name = "Jane",
		age = 22
	}
	let people: [person] = [person, jane]

MAIN
	// Once a value is created, it never changes
	let jane = {name = "Jane", age = 22}

	// This is a syntax error
	jane.age = 26Invalid Operator

	// To change a property, you must create
	// a new value with the modified property
	let olderJane = jane + {age = 26}

	// You can reassign variables, but
	// you can't change the underlying value
	olderJane = jane
	// Now olderJane and jane point to the
	// same underlying value
	olderJane += {age = 26}
	// jane.age is still 22
	// while olderJane.age is 26

IMPORTS
	createPerson
	scramble

MAIN
	// Function arguments are always named
	let john = createPerson(name = "John", age = 25)

	// And they can be passed in any order
	let jane = createPerson(age = 22, name = "Jane")

	// Functions can be called in object oriented style
	let scrambled = jane.name.scramble()

	// Or they can be called in JSX style
	scrambled = <scramble value=jane.name />

	// This is the same as the last 2 statements
	scrambled = scramble(value = jane.name)

	// Some other ways to create jane same as above
	jane = "Jane".createPerson(age = 22)
	jane = 22.createPerson(name = "Jane")
	jane = <createPerson name="Jane" age=22 />

	// You can also pass the return value of one
	// function to an argument of another function
	// by chaining function calls like so
	scrambled = jane.name.scramble().scramble()

// Streams example
MAIN
	// The open operator opens a stream
	let terminal = open console

	// Use the -> operator to write a stream
	"Hello World\n" -> terminal

	// Or use the <- operator if you want
	// to put the stream first
	terminal <- "Hello Again\n"

	// To read from a stream, use the <- operator
	let response = <- terminal

	// The close operator closes a stream
	close terminal

	// An example of writing to a file
	let fileStream = open file path/to/file.txt
	"Contents" -> fileStream
	close fileStream

IMPORTS
	createPerson

MAIN
	// Use the "on" operator to hook a function
	let hook = on enter createPerson
		// Do something

	// Use the "off" operator to unhook a function
	off hook

	// You have access to arguments and can modify them
	on enter createPerson args (name, age)
		name += " Doe"
		age += 1

		// Use "break" within the handler to unhook
		// Once break is called, this handler will no longer run
		break

	// You even have access to the return value
	on exit createPerson return person
		// Use "final" within the handler to unhook
		// however, the handler will continue to run
		final

		// Use "continue" to stop execution of the handler
		// but without unhooking it
		if person.age < 21
			continue

		// Simply modify the return value to
		// change what is returned to the caller
		person += {age = 30}